How to Troubleshoot Common Home Plumbing Issues

Quick answer (read this first)

• Quickly identify the problem’s type and exact location.
• Assess the severity and decide if DIY is safe to attempt.
• Take immediate action, such as shutting off the water supply if necessary.
• Prepare details and clear the workspace for a professional plumber.

Safety first

• Always wear protective gloves when handling plumbing fixtures or chemicals.
• For significant leaks or burst pipes, immediately turn off the main water supply.
• Avoid excessive force; it can cause further damage to pipes and fixtures.
• Never mix different drain cleaning chemicals, as this can produce dangerous fumes.
• Exercise caution with hot water pipes and components to prevent burns.

Tools you may need

• Plunger (cup and flange)
• Adjustable wrench
• Pliers (channel lock or slip joint)
• Bucket and old towels
• Flashlight
• Pipe thread tape (Teflon tape)
• Screwdriver set

Step-by-step

Step 1

Observe and Identify the Symptom: Clearly determine what is happening – is it a drip, a pool of water, slow drainage, no water, or unusual noises?

Step 2

Locate the Exact Source: Trace the symptom to its origin. For a leak, find the wet spot; for a clog, identify the specific drain; for low pressure, check the faucet or appliance.

Step 3

Assess Severity and Shut Off Water: Determine if it’s a minor issue or a major leak requiring immediate action. For significant leaks, turn off the fixture’s shut-off valve or the main water supply to your home.

Step 4

Perform Basic Visual Checks: Examine the area for obvious loose connections, corrosion, cracks, or visible obstructions. Check faucet aerators for debris if pressure is low.

Step 5

Attempt Minor DIY Fixes (If Safe): For simple clogs, use a plunger. For minor drips, gently tighten accessible connections with a wrench. Do NOT use excessive force.

Step 6

Document the Problem: Take clear photos or videos of the issue, including its location and any visible damage. Note down when it started, any unusual sounds, and what you’ve already tried.

Step 7

Gather Relevant Information: Collect details on recent plumbing work, the age of fixtures, and any recurring issues to share with the plumber.

Step 8

Clear the Workspace: Ensure the area around the plumbing problem is clear and accessible, making it easier and safer for a professional plumber to work.

Common mistakes

• Ignoring minor leaks or drips, which can quickly worsen and cause extensive water damage.
• Using excessive force on pipes or fittings, leading to stripped threads, broken components, or burst pipes.
• Attempting repairs without the correct tools, often resulting in further damage or ineffective fixes.
• Mixing incompatible drain cleaning chemicals, which can create dangerous fumes or corrode pipes.
• Neglecting to shut off the main water supply during a significant leak, leading to preventable flooding.

When to call a professional

• When you cannot identify the exact source of a significant water leak or persistent issue.
• For stubborn clogs that do not respond to plunging or basic drain cleaning methods.
• If there is a complete loss of water pressure throughout your entire home.
• Any situation involving visible pipe damage, burst pipes, or major fixture malfunctions.
• If you feel uncertain, lack the proper tools, or are uncomfortable attempting the repair yourself.