How to do a basic Plumbing Safety Check and Quick Fixes

Quick answer (read this first)

• Promptly locate and fix minor leaks to prevent water waste and damage.
• Regularly clear slow drains to avoid major clogs and backups.
• Inspect all plumbing fixtures for wear and tear, and address issues early.
• Always know the location and operation of your home’s main water shut-off valve.

Safety first

• Always turn off the main water supply before attempting any significant repairs.
• Wear gloves to protect your hands from dirt and germs.
• Ensure the area is well-lit to prevent slips and falls.
• Do not mix different chemical drain cleaners.
• Avoid contact with hot water pipes without proper protection.

Tools you may need

• Adjustable wrench
• Plunger
• Bucket and towels
• Flashlight
• Screwdriver set
• Pipe tape (PTFE tape)
• Pliers

Step-by-step

Step 1

Conduct a visual inspection of all visible pipes, under sinks, behind toilets, and around your water heater for any signs of leaks, drips, or dampness.

Step 2

Check all faucets for proper hot and cold water flow and consistent pressure. Tighten loose handles and replace worn washers if you notice drips or poor function.

Step 3

Test all toilets to ensure proper flushing and check for continuous running or phantom flushes. Listen for unusual sounds indicating internal leaks.

Step 4

Address slow drains in sinks, showers, and tubs promptly. Use a plunger or a simple drain snake to remove hair and debris from the drain opening and P-trap.

Step 5

Inspect your water heater for any visible leaks, rust formation, or unusual noises. Ensure the surrounding area remains dry and clear of obstructions.

Step 6

Check outdoor faucets and exposed pipes for leaks, corrosion, or winter damage. Tighten any loose connections and consider insulating pipes in colder areas.

Step 7

Actively look for damp spots, discolored areas, or peeling paint on walls, ceilings, and floors, which can indicate hidden leaks. Feel for moisture under carpets or near baseboards.

Common mistakes

• Ignoring small drips, which can lead to significant water waste and damage.
• Overtightening pipe connections, which can strip threads or crack pipes.
• Using harsh chemical drain cleaners excessively, which can damage pipes over time.
• Forcing clogs further down the drain instead of removing them.
• Not turning off the main water supply before starting repairs.

When to call a professional

• You discover a burst pipe or a major, uncontrollable leak.
• There’s no water supply to your entire home.
• You have persistent clogs that a plunger or snake cannot clear.
• You detect a sewage backup or strong sewage odor.
• There are significant issues with your water heater, such as complete failure or gas leaks (for gas heaters).
• You suspect hidden leaks behind walls or under floors.
• You are uncomfortable or unsure about a specific repair.